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How to Restore Timber Sash Windows in Cambridge Many homes in Cambridge have sash windows with traditional designs and homeowners are proud of the way they look. Sash windows can get stuck and are difficult to open or close. This is typically due to moisture, which can cause the wood to expand. Box sash windows were previously operated using chains or cotton cords as well as lead weights. Modern window springs for sash windows are concealed to solve this problem. 1. Aesthetics In contrast to PVC-u windows, which are made to modular imperial sizes Timber sash windows can be restored to their original sizes. This allows the restoration of timber sash windows in order to meet current energy requirements and comply with conservation area regulations. It also comes with an option that is superior to uPVC alternatives. Sliding sash windows were originally only used in large structures or public buildings, though the production process became cheaper and craftsmen could make larger frames with more glass. In the late 18th century Sash windows were the most popular design of wood in the majority of British homes. As they were easy to open sash windows allowed light into rooms without the need for curtains. Early windows were simple glass but by the 17th century, sash windows began to become more attractive with coloured glass bars and moulded mullions. They were costly initially, but as glass production became cheaper and more efficient, they were an integral feature in many historic homes. In the 19th century it was possible to manufacture large, strong glass that didn't require support bars. This allowed the frame to be enlarged and, in turn, gave an improved view. This was a significant innovation. The introduction of the double-hung sliding sash was another significant improvement that came about towards the end of the I920s and beginning of the I930s. This allowed both the lower and upper sash to be opened simultaneously and allowed for better ventilation to the building. Oak was used for older and more luxurious buildings. It is important to maintain the parting bead that is used to separate the sashes. This will prevent rattles and draughts. The sash pulleys, idler wheels and sash rollers are also crucial to the operation of the window. 2. Energy efficiency As clearer and larger glass sheets were made available, sash windows began to replace hinged casements. They were coated with plate glass that was set within rebated timber frames and then pinned with glazing sprigs and putty on both sides to create a watertight seal. This kind of glazing gradually replaced leaded lights. Sashes were introduced, which led to increased demand for ironmongery. The most basic fittings were brass pulleys (and later cast-iron) weights as well as sash stoppers, shutter hinges and handles, and a variety of fasteners used to fix the sashes. These were often decorated in patterns, inscriptions and patterns engraved to identify the maker. With regular maintenance, sash windows can be very energy efficient. However, if they are not maintained, they may become drafty and let in cold air. wooden windows cambridge can also result from the degeneration of putty and paint. This can be remedied by using proprietary wood-to-timber repair products. The market for replacement windows is based heavily on the notion that old windows are damaged beyond repair and cannot be maintained economically. However windows can be easily maintained with a little attention. These repairs can be expensive and cause many disruptions in the home. To avoid this homeowners often choose to replace their windows with PVC-u windows from one the large “one stop shop” installation companies. They can replace and remove all the windows in an entire house within a single day, eliminating the need to coordinate multiple tradesmen, making the whole process much faster. They are also available with 'energy-saving' double-glazing to get higher energy efficiency ratings than those offered by traditional windows made of sash. However these double-glazed units are unable to duplicate the proportions and section of the sashes made of timber from the past. 3. Security Traditional windows can be made secure without compromising their appearance. Ironmongery, such as sash chain, mortice bolts, and sash lock can be used. They can be fitted in a manner that the window can be open for ventilation and cleaning. They are generally not noticeable, since they are designed to fit the sash window. They can be used in conjunction with traditional sash window catch. They are best replaced with more robust models like those with double screws, or sprung levers to decrease the possibility of being hit with hammers. Sash-window frames are traditionally made from oak or slow-grown deal. Where glazing bars have survived they should be preserved, and if it is it is possible, the timber of the cill should be replaced with identical wood. PVC-u companies typically offer a one stop shop installation service, which includes removing and replacing windows on an entire home in one day, without the need to involve other tradespeople or coordinate visits from different suppliers. 4. Ventilation When sash windows first introduced in the 17th century, they allowed a substantial amount of light into the buildings. By the end of the 18th century, they were altered to allow more light into rooms and larger glass panes began to be manufactured. The result was a lighter look and windows that were more elegant. The introduction of sash windows also required an entirely new range of ironmongery. Early pulleys were of wood, while later Victorian ones were made of brass or a mixture of lead and wood, and there were various types of shutter hinges and knobs. The ironmongery components should be retained and cleaned down so that the fine quality of their design can be appreciated. To keep them in good shape, timber windows need to be maintained. Lack of regular attention may lead to: Sashes that do not slide easily. holes in the frame allow water causing damage and decay. break down of the putty and allow water penetration that can lead to decay in the frame and cill. Steel casement windows were popular in the I920s and I930s because they were strong and slim, cheap and complemented the trend for healthy living. However, research has revealed that traditional softwood sash windows are just as efficient thermally as double-glazed windows made of PVC-u, and may be more appealing than the modern sleek design of casement windows. The industry of replacement windows did a lot to convince homeowners that their old windows were decayed and drafty. They were also beyond the budget for repair. Many old timber windows can be fixed and used for many more years with minor repairs. 5. Maintenance The traditional sash windows require regular maintenance and inspection. Inability to maintain it properly can lead to the sash cords breaking, a lot of wear on the glazing bars, and the deterioration of putty and paint. The removal of the sashes may also cause structural movement within the frame which causes the sash to be misaligned and in a position that it is not able to close properly. The sash may also become stuck in an open position, which allows water and draughts to enter the property. The damage to timber windows is often caused by water penetration. This can be prevented by regular repairs, thorough painting and removing the cause of dampness. Wet rot can be identified by the wavy appearance of the existing paint which can be stripped away to reveal rotting, soft timber. Any rotten timber sections must be removed and the affected area should be carefully scarfed or pieced in using replacements made from the same type of timber as those remaining. This method of repair maximises the amount of fabric left, and is among the least invasive methods for treating decay caused by timber. The use of a wood consolidant made from resin is a different option to traditional staining and sanding. This is brushed on the surface of the wood to protect it and strengthen it. It is particularly useful to treat sash and pulley cords, which can stop breakage. It is important to restore and not replace any old ironmongery such as sash latches and stays. These items can be very difficult to replace without damaging the the original design. It is also recommended that the use of modern aluminum fittings, such as sash lifts and chain stays should be avoided if feasible as they could cause corrosion and damage to frames and sashes made from timber.